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주요 증발


사례

엘라스토머

  • 에틸렌 – 프로필렌 고무 (EPDM)
  • 폴리부타디엔 고무 (BR)
  • 부틸(이소부틸렌 이소프렌) 고무 (IIR)
  • 폴리이소프렌 고무 (IR)
  • 솔루션-스티렌부타디엔 고무 (S-SBR)
  • 폴리올레핀 엘라스토머 (POE)
  • 아크릴로니트릴 -부타디엔 고무 (NBR)

열가소성 엘라스토머

  • 스티렌 블록 공중합체 (SBS, SIS)

특정 고분자의 점도가 높아지면 농축 단계에서 중합을 방해하는 경우가 있습니다. 이러한 경우 단량체는 과량의 적합한 용매로 중합되어야 합니다. 용액 중합 공정 단계 후, 저점도의 중합체-용매 용액은 전형적으로 플래시 증발에 의해 미리 농축됩니다. 용액이 농축 될 수 있는 고체 함유량은 플래시 용기에서의 점성 용액의 유동성에 의해 제한됩니다. 리스트 니더반응기 (LIST KneaderReactor)는 더 높은 고형농도에 도달할수있는 이상적이며 경제적인 기술입니다. 용액을 90-95%의 고형분 함량까지 농축할 수 있습니다. 이 공정은 용매 증발에 필요한 열에너지가 주로 기계적 반죽 에너지에 의해 제공되기 때문에 쉽게 스케일 업이 가능합니다. 저점도 중합체 용액을 증발시킬 때 생성되는 거품은 점성 중합체 덩어리에 의해 효과적으로 제거됩니다. 또한 리스트 니더반응기를 사용하면 제품 온도를 정확하게 제어할 수 있어서 낮은 제품 온도에서 제품이 부서지거나 높은 제품 온도에서 열분해가 되지 않습니다. 중합체가 최종품질로 완성되는 후단공정은 탈휘발화 단계입니다.

특이사항

  • 효과적인 셀프 클리닝으로 인한 데드존, 제품 축적 및 분해산물의 최소화
  • 최적의 반죽 및 믹싱으로 인한 우수한 균일화
  • 고입력의 기계 동력 및 교반 회전력
  • 효과적인 열전달
  • 고효율 표면 갱신
  • 광범위한 프리(free)증기부피
  • 광범위한 전열면적으로 인한 정밀하고 균일한 온도 컨트롤
  • 연속 공정
  • 점착성이 있거나 고점도의 제품처리 공정
  • 잘록한 체류 시간 분포 (관형 흐름)
  • 넓고 유연한 평균 체류 시간
  • 시험/파일럿용 장비부터 공업규모까지 신뢰할 수 있는 스케일 업

다운로드

제목설명언어년도다운로드
Direct devolatilisation in a closed system

For decades, conventional polymerisation has been the norm in the production of elastomers. The time and cost involved in removing and treating solvents in the final stages of production were acceptable. Yet as pressure builds on manufacturers to reduce operating costs, there is greater urgency to develop processes that can help streamline costs and production techniques. One such effort has yielded extremely promising results.

English2015
Efficient and eco-friendly polymerization of elastomers

For decades, conventional polymerization in the production of elastomers has been the norm. The time and cost involved in removing and treating solvents in the final stages of production, for example, were acceptable. But as pressure builds on manufacturers to reduce operating costs, there is greater urgency to develop processes that can help streamline cost and production. One such effort by List AG has yielded promising results.

English2014
Efficient & Easy Elastomer Processing

Conventional polymerisation in the production of elastomers has been the norm for decades. The time and cost involved in removing and treating solvents in th e final stages of production , for example, were acceptable, but as pressure builds on manufacturers to reduce operating costs, there is greater urgency to develop processes that can help streamline cost and production. One such effort has yielded extremely promising results.

English2013
Continuous masterbatch process for the cellulose fiber industry

The achievable final volatile content within kneader devolatilization processes is highly dependent on the final melt temperature. For thermosensitive polymers the state of the art process performs poorly. The amount of dissipated energy leads to a heat up of the polymer, limiting the maximal kneader shaft speed and therefore volatile removal rate. This new process uses a suitable additional volatile compound to cool off the dissipated energy by evaporation using the off gas to strip and boost the mass transfer coefficient. A complex multi-parameter study is presented, to predict performance of industrial equipment from pilot scale data.

English2011
New devolatilization process for thermosensitive and highly viscous polymers in high volume Kneader Reactors

The achievable final volatile content within kneader devolatilization processes is highly dependent on the final melt temperature. For thermosensitive polymers the state of the art process performs poorly. The amount of dissipated energy leads to a heat up of the polymer, limiting the maximal kneader shaft speed and therefore volatile removal rate. This new process uses a suitable additional volatile compound to cool off the dissipated energy by evaporation using the off gas to strip and boost the mass transfer coefficient. A complex multi-parameter study is presented, to predict performance of industrial equipment from pilot scale data.

English2011
Kneten statt strippen

Der Einsatz von großen Lösemittelmengen in Polymerisationsprozessen mit den damit verbundenen Nachteilen muss nicht sein. Ein optimiertes Verfahren ermöglicht die direkte Entgasung von Lösemitteln, ohne dabei Strippmittel einsetzen zu müssen. Aufwendige Trennschritte werden so vermieden und höhere Produktqualitäten können erreicht werden.

Deutsch2010
Schritt in eine neue Welt

Der Einsatz von großen Lösungsmittelmengen in Polymerisationsprozessen mit den damit verbundenen Nachteilen muss nicht sein. Ein neues Verfahren beschreitet neue Wege: Kneten statt strippen lautet die Devise.

Deutsch2010
Predition of mass transport of solvent / polymer systems in high volume Kneader Reactors at finite solvent concentrations

Kneader reactors are used for combined unitary processing in the polymer industry for devolatilization, compounding or polymerization. In the past, mass transport prediction for devolatilization operations in kneader reactors did not match experimental results, when diffusion was assumed as sole driving force. It was detected that there is an additional concentration and temperature dependent driving force that triggers enhanced transport at finite solvent concentrations by orders of magnitude. The author suggests that the underlying root cause is likely micro bubble formation within the polymer melt. An attempt to model this additional mass transport mechanism is presented.

English2008
Kneader technology for the direct devolatilitation of temperature sensitive elastomers

Synthetic elastomers have been produced for over 50 years. Advances in catalyst systems and polymer formulations have been somewhat diminished by the continued use of the same processing technology. In particular, the use of coagulation, steam stripping, mechanical dewatering, and convective drying for the devolatilization of temperature sensitive elastomeric solutions can be replaced with direct devolatilization using kneader technology. A two-step, direct devolatilization process has demonstrated energy savings and advantages in environmental emissions and process/product flexibility when compared to the conventional steam stripping process.

English2008
Ohne Wasserdampf zum Kautschuk

Die Synthese von Kautschuk ist ein wichtiger Prozess: Hersteller von Gummiprodukten – ganz gleich ob Autoreifen oder Kondome – benötigen hochwertigen Kautschuk als Ausgangswerkstoff. Doch die Kautschukerzeugung ist teuer und verschlingt große Mengen an Energie. Forschern des Fraunhofer-Instituts für Angewandte Polymerforschung IAP in Potsdam ist es gemeinsam mit ihren Entwicklungspartnern LIST AG und Dow Olefinverbund GmbH gelungen, den Energiebedarf der Kautschuksynthese um 76 Prozent zu senken.

Deutsch2007
Somethin special in separation technology

The synthesis of most elastomers is carried out either by Solution or emulsion polymerization. After the polymcrization step, the polymer is separated from the solvent or emulsifying agents. This separation requires several process steps including coagulation, Stripping, various mechanical separation stages, and finally diying. Beyond that, the existing technologies are energy consuming, waste solvent must be incinerated, and the installation of main and ancillaiy equipment occupies large spaces.

English2007
Eindampfung und Entgasung von Polymerschmelzen

Die bestehenden Technologien für die Aufbereitung von Polymeren nach der Polymerisation können in ein-, zwei- und mehrstufige Verfahren unterteilt werden. Dem entsprechend kommen Stripptechnologien mit nachgeschalteter mechanischer und thermischer Entfernung der Hilfsmittel, Extruder in verschiedenen Bauarten und großvolumige Kneter zum Einsatz. Die Knetertechnologie ist vor allem für temperatur- und scherempfindliche Polymermassen geeignet, bei denen die Entgasung diffusionsbestimmt ist.

Deutsch2006
Kontinuierliche Eindampfung und Entgasung von Polymerschmelzen

Polymerprozesse – Aufbereitung und Finishing von Polymeren – Knetertechnologie in der Polymeraufbereitung – Wirtschaftlichkeit

Deutsch2006
Elastomer efficiency

How direct devolatisation of an elastomer solution can save time and money

English2006
Torque and speed fluctuation on polymer processing large volume kneader

Large volume kneaders are designed to handle highly viscous polymer processing. The unitary operations can be compounding, polymerizations, devolatilization or drying. Depending on the polymer viscosity in the kneader, the interaction of kneading elements induce a torque and force evolution on the shaft over one revolution.

English2006
Computer Berechnung des Scale up für Entgasungsvorgänge in Knetreaktoren

Eine konzentrierte Elastomerlösung (weniger als 20 % Lösungsmittel) wird einem großvolumigen Knetreaktor zugeführt, um das Lösungsmittel bis auf ppmGehalte zu entfernen. Um diesen Entgasungsschritt zu beschreiben, wurde ein Simulationsprogramm entwickelt. Das Programm errechnet den Restlösungsmittelgehalt, den Füllgrad und das Drehmoment des Reaktors. Es kann sowohl der Feineinstellung sowie auch dem Scale-up des Prozesses dienen.

Deutsch2005
Leuchtturm in karger Forschungslandschaft

Das Fraunhofer-Pilotanlagenzentrum für Polymersynthese und -verarbeitung

Deutsch2005
Computer scale up model for Desolventizing highly viscous polymers

A concentrated rubber solution (less than 20 % solvent) is fed to a high volume kneader in order to remove the solvent down to ppm level. A simulation program has been developed to describe this devolatilization step. The program predicts final solvent content, the filling level and the mechanical torque build-up. The program can be used to refine process control and the scale-up of this type of process.

English2005
Comparison devolatilization technologies for viscous polymers

Devolatilization of solvents from viscous polymer cement is realized through stripping of solvent with steam in stirred vessels or directly by evaporating the solvent from the polymer. The later so-called direct desolventizing is realized in extruders or high volume kneaders. All 3 methods involve additional energy to drive out solvent either by partial pressure through additional steam (steam stripping), building and releasing pressure in order to explode the polymer bulk (extruder) or dynamic surface renewal (kneader).

English2005
LIST im Demo Zentrum Polymersynthese

Energieeinsparung und Qualitätsverbesserung durch indirekte Eindampfung von Polymerlösungen oder direkte Polymerisation und Polykondensation

Deutsch2004
Finishing reaction of PA6 in the melt phase

The difference in the production of PA6 in comparison to that of other polymers is the downstream water extraction and drying after the granulation. During these process steps, the monomer and the oligomer contents in the final product are reduced in the 0.2 to 0.6 ww/w range. The installed units for extraction and drying of the final granulated product are characterized by their large energy consumption, which considerably influences manufacturing costs.

English2002